Learning Vietnamese Verbs Using Opposites

Lesson Transcript

Want to speak real Vietnamese from your first lesson?

Xin chào các bạn. Mình là Linh đây. Rất vui được gặp lại các bạn.

Hello everyone, I'm Linh. Nice to see you again.

Hi everyone, my name is Linh and welcome back to VietnamesePod101.com

The fastest, easiest and most fun way to learn Vietnamese.

Usually people will talk about the opposite nouns or the opposite adjectives

but they don't really talk about the opposite verbs, right?

But once we know the opposite verbs, we will know how to ask people to do the right thing

and to do the opposite thing without thinking too much.

So now let's get started.

When I talk to people who are learning English,

usually I realize that they misunderstand about “to go” and “to come”.

So I will explain you why by introducing two words:

Đi

và

Về

In this situation,

đi means “to go” and về means “to come back” or ‘to go back”.

So that's the reason why a lot of people misunderstand these two words and they use it wrongly.

Now let's take a look at the sentences to see how we use them.

For example,

Tôi đang đi du lịch.

That means “I'm going on a trip.”

But when we use về in sentence, it will be

Tôi quay về Việt Nam.

So that means “I'm coming back to Vietnam” or

“I'm going back to Vietnam”, depends on where you are now.

But in Vietnamese, they will not depend on where you are.

Then you would use đi or về.

It's just like to go somewhere, then you use đi and to come back somewhere.

And then you can say về, okay?

đi và về.

Next one is two words.

Đứng lên

và

Ngồi xuống.

That means “stand up” and “sit down”.

Đứng lên

Ngồi xuống

Now in sentence:

Làm ơn đứng lên khi vị khách VIP tới.

That means “Please stand up when the VIP guest comes.”

Cả lớp ngồi xuống.

Cả lớp ngồi xuống means “Sit down please.”

And usually this one, the teacher will tell the students.

Cả lớp means “all the class”, please sit down.

So, Cả lớp ngồi xuống.

“Sit down please.”

For turn on, you can say bật, bật.

And for turn off, you can say tắt, tắt.

One more time, bật, bật and tắt, tắt.

In sentence, if I'm playing the music too loud,

then you can say

Tắt nhạc đi Linh!

That means “Please turn off the music.”

Or if it's too dark in this room,

then you can say

Bật đèn lên Linh.

That means “Please turn on the light, Linh.”

So, tắt and bật.

Next one, I think this one is also very common,

which is to open and to close.

And in Vietnamese, you can say

Đóng

And

Mở

For example, to close the door would be đóng cửa.

And to open the door would be mở cửa.

So, you also can use đóng and mở for opening a can

or opening a box or something like that.

For example, đóng hộp.

Or mở hộp.

That means to close or to open a box.

But we don't say đóng tiền and mở tiền, okay?

In this situation, đóng tiền means “to pay money.”

But mở tiền doesn't mean anything.

Okay, last one, it'll be to go to sleep and to wake up.

And in Vietnamese, it'll be

Đi ngủ

And

Thức dậy

Thức dậy means “to wake up”.

In sentence, for example, if you want to ask what time do you usually go to sleep,

then you can say

Bình thường mấy giờ bạn đi ngủ?

And to answer, you can say

Tôi thường đi ngủ lúc 12 giờ.

That means “I usually go to sleep at 12.”

And for thức dậy, you can ask

Mấy giờ hôm nay bạn dậy?

That means “What time did you wake up this morning?”

So you can either say dậy or thức dậy, they are the same.

And to answer, you can say

Hôm nay tôi dậy lúc 4 giờ.

Just for example.

Okay, that's it for today and I hope you liked it.

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Thank you so much for watching and I hope to see you soon.

See you, bye-bye.

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